Three lenses worth holding at once
These ideas overlap in nearly every session — use whichever language fits the client and caregiver best.
Co-regulation → self-regulation
Self-regulation is built on a foundation of being regulated with someone first. Treatment should scaffold from adult-led calming toward child-initiated strategies, fading support deliberately and tracking it.
Sensory processing lens
Arousal state drives behavior. Consider each client's modulation patterns (under- vs. over-responsivity) when selecting calming vs. organizing input, and build a personalized sensory diet around it.
Zone-based language
A shared vocabulary for internal states (e.g., this practice's "forecast" zones) gives clients and caregivers a common, non-judgmental way to check in, communicate, and track patterns over time.
Four skill areas to build across the plan of care
Most clients will touch all four areas over time, often in this rough developmental order — though sessions can move fluidly between them based on what shows up that day.
Interoception & Body Awareness
FoundationBuilds the internal "data" emotional regulation runs on — noticing physical sensations (heart rate, muscle tension, temperature, breath) and connecting them to internal states before labeling or strategy use is possible.
Activity ideas
- Body check-ins: "weather report" body scans before/after movement — where do you feel it?
- Heart rate contrast: jumping jacks vs. resting, hand on chest, describe the difference
- Temperature & tension games: "robot vs. ragdoll" muscle tension awareness
- Interoceptive check-in cards: hungry/thirsty/tired/too hot/need to move, paired with a body map
- Mindful movement: yoga poses paired with noticing breath and balance
Grading progression
- Adult labels the sensation aloud in the moment
- Child points to or selects a body map location
- Child names the sensation with a word bank
- Child notices & reports unprompted, in varied settings
Emotion Identification & Vocabulary
Clear & calmConnects body sensations and situations to emotion words — expanding from basic categories (mad/sad/happy/scared) toward more nuanced vocabulary (frustrated, disappointed, nervous, proud).
Activity ideas
- Emotion sorting: photo/illustration cards sorted by zone or feeling word
- Mirror work: matching facial expressions, guessing the feeling
- Books & pause points: stopping mid-story to predict a character's feeling and why
- Feelings charades: act out a feeling using only body language
- Synonym ladders: "annoyed → frustrated → furious" — matching intensity to the zone scale
Grading progression
- Match basic emotion to a picture (receptive)
- Label own emotion with a 2–3 word bank
- Identify emotion + likely cause ("I'm mad because...")
- Differentiate similar emotions by intensity
Regulation Strategy Practice
BreezyBuilds a personalized "toolkit" of sensorimotor and cognitive strategies — and, critically, practices selecting a strategy that matches the current zone, not just performing the strategy on cue.
Activity ideas
- Heavy work circuits: wall push-ups, animal walks, carrying weighted items between activities
- Breathing techniques: flower/candle, dragon breath, straw breathing with visual timers
- Choice boards: 2–3 strategy options matched to the current zone
- Sensory toolkit building: trial fidgets, weighted items, headphones — identify what works for this child
- "Beat the clock" regulation games: practice a strategy, then return to task within a set time
Grading progression
- Adult selects and guides the strategy
- Child chooses from 2 adult-offered options
- Child self-selects under low arousal
- Child self-selects under moderate arousal, with a visual reminder
- Child self-selects independently across settings
Cognitive & Reflective Skills
After the stormBuilds the "after the storm" skills — reflecting on what happened, problem-solving for next time, and flexible thinking. Only ever practiced once the client is back in green/sage — never during dysregulation.
Activity ideas
- Replay & rewind: retell a recent big-feelings moment using a simple sequence (before/during/after)
- Plan B thinking: "what else could you try next time?" with picture options
- Social stories: individualized stories modeling the situation + a regulation strategy
- Flexible thinking games: "same but different" sorting, unexpected-ending stories
- Self-monitoring charts: rate the day's zones at check-out, noticing patterns over time
Grading progression
- Adult narrates the sequence of events
- Child fills in missing pieces with prompts
- Child retells independently, with visual support
- Child generates an alternative plan unprompted
Carryover starts in the session
Skills generalize fastest when caregivers see the strategy modeled, try it themselves with coaching, and leave with something concrete.
Coach in the moment
When a real (low-stakes) regulation moment happens in session, invite the caregiver to try the language or strategy themselves with you nearby — live coaching generalizes better than after-the-fact explanation.
Teach-back
Before wrapping up, ask the caregiver to describe in their own words what they'll try at home and why. This surfaces misunderstandings early and builds buy-in.
Send home one thing
Rather than a long list, send home a single strategy or visual to practice that week. Revisit it next session before adding something new.
Normalize regression
Prepare caregivers for skills to look "lost" during illness, transitions, growth spurts, or big life changes — this is expected, not a sign that progress isn't real.
Sample measurable goals by domain
Adjust accuracy thresholds, supports, and contexts to match each client's baseline and plan of care.
| Domain | Sample goal |
|---|---|
| Interoception | Client will identify and report at least one internal body sensation (e.g., fast heartbeat, tight muscles) following a movement activity, with moderate verbal cues, in 4/5 trials across 3 sessions. |
| Emotion ID | Client will independently label their current emotional zone using a visual scale at the start and end of session with 80% accuracy across 3 consecutive sessions. |
| Regulation strategy | Given a choice board of 2–3 strategies, client will select and complete a regulation strategy when in the breezy zone with minimal verbal cueing in 4/5 opportunities. |
| Strategy carryover | Client will demonstrate use of at least one regulation strategy in a non-clinical setting (home or school), as reported by caregiver/teacher, on 3 separate occasions over a 4-week period. |
| Reflection | Following a dysregulation event and once back in a calm state, client will retell the sequence of events (before/during/after) with visual support and identify one alternative strategy with moderate cueing in 3/5 opportunities. |
| Caregiver coaching | Caregiver will demonstrate use of co-regulation language (naming the zone, validating before problem-solving) during 2 of 3 observed regulation moments in session. |
What's worth tracking
Antecedent → behavior → strategy → outcome
A quick ABC(O) note for dysregulation events helps identify patterns (time of day, sensory triggers, transitions) over time — useful for both treatment planning and caregiver education.
Level of support, not just success
Track the amount of support needed to use a strategy (independent / visual / verbal / physical), not only whether the strategy "worked" — this shows progress even when outcomes look similar.
Frequency & duration
Simple tallies of dysregulation frequency and duration over time can reveal trends that single-session notes miss, especially across illness, school terms, or developmental leaps.
Caregiver-reported carryover
A short caregiver check-in (even a 1–2 question text or form) at intervals helps capture generalization data that doesn't happen in the clinic.
Frameworks referenced in this packet
- Zones of Regulation curriculum (Leah Kuypers) — zone-based emotional vocabulary and self-regulation framework
- Interoception-based curricula (e.g., Kelly Mahler's work) — foundational interoception activities and assessment
- Co-regulation & nervous-system-informed approaches (e.g., Polyvagal-informed practice) — framing for "connection before correction"
- Sensory integration & sensory diet planning resources — individualizing sensorimotor strategy selection